壳牌煤气化装置洗涤塔出口合成气带水原因分析及对策

介绍了壳牌粉煤气化装置中洗涤塔工艺流程;分析了洗涤塔内部结构;阐述了洗涤塔出口合成气带水的现象及危害;找出了引起洗涤塔工艺气带水的原因;采取了相应的技改措施。结果表明,通过调整工况,消除了带液现象。     

Visualized measurement of extremely high-speed droplets in Venturi scrubber

Venturi scrubbers for filtered venting have been installed in nuclear power plants worldwide. Venturi scrubbers can eliminate fission products from a polluted gas by interaction through gas–liquid interfaces. Therefore, droplet diameter is important from the viewpoint of decontamination. When Venturi scrubbers are used in severe accidents, the gas flow velocity might be extremely high. In these studies, the authors did not measure droplet diameter under extremely high gas velocity conditions. In the scenarios, experimental data pertaining to droplet diameter, under the extremely high gas flow velocity, are required. Therefore, this objective is to evaluate the diameter of extremely high-speed droplets. A visualization experiment was conducted using a Venturi scrubber. The droplet diameter distribution and the Sauter mean diameter (SMD) were determined. By comparing between the experimental value of SMDs and the one evaluated using Nukiyama–Tanasawa equation, it was confirmed that the Nukiyama–Tanasawa equation can be used to evaluate SMD with good accuracy in the gas velocity range of 82–250 m/s, except the highest gas velocity conditions. Furthermore, the droplet generation mechanism in the Venturi scrubber was considered to clarify the main reason why the Nukiyama–Tanasawa equation can be used to evaluate SMD droplet diameter.     

国外湿法冶炼车间通风方式探讨

锌湿法冶炼浸出、净液及电解生产过程中有大量的酸雾、水蒸气等产生,车间工作环境恶劣,污染严重.作者考察了国外冶炼厂湿法车间,通过本文进行介绍,同时分析探讨反应槽废气处理及锌电解车间的通风方式与国内不同之处,提出改善工作环境、节能减排的设想.     

大型文丘里式脱硫除尘器的优化

通过理论分析，对大型文丘里式脱硫除尘器的设计和操作条件进行优化，推导出最佳气速与液气比的计算公式，并已应用于工业生产     

合成气洗涤塔的腐蚀分析与防范措施

介绍了壳牌煤气化装置中合成气洗涤塔的碱腐蚀、氯离子腐蚀的情况以及处理方法.     

高压洗涤器防爆板破裂原因分析

介绍高压洗涤器调温水系统流程,就引起防爆板破裂的几种原因进行分析,提出预防措施。     

60万吨/年液化气脱硫脱硫醇装置技术改造

介绍了延安石油化工厂60万吨/年液化气脱硫脱硫醇装置概况以及运行中存在的主要问题,通过工艺技术改造,有效地解决了装置存在的问题。改造后装置运行平稳,脱硫脱硫醇效果良好,产品质量合格。     

新型气液逆流接触洗涤器流动-传质模型

通过冷模实验对一种新型气液逆流式洗涤器流动传质特性进行了考察。实验结果表明,在不同的操作条件下,洗涤器内气液两相流动会呈现出不同的流型。其中,洗涤器在泡沫流状态下的高效传质段体积和解吸率的数值均较大。将实验结果与理论分析相结合,依据其气液接触表面更新极快、形成高度湍动泡沫流的特点,提出了一种基于该洗涤器结构和操作特性、可以预测洗涤器传质效果的“两段式”流动-传质模型。模型将洗涤器内气液作用区分为两个区段：旋转射流段和高效传质段。利用该模型分析了解吸率与液气比L/G和旋流比ω的变化关系;结果表明,在不同操作条件下,该模型的计算结果与实验数据吻合较好,可供工程设计参考。     

自吸式文丘里水洗器阻力特性实验研究

以空气、水为工作介质,对自吸模式运行的有机玻璃文丘里水洗器阻力特性进行了实验研究。研究结果表明,经验公式计算值与实验结果的趋势较为一致,但相对偏差较大,高达±50%以上。在实验的基础上,给出了阻力计算实验关联式,计算值与实验结果符合很好,相对偏差在±15%以内。     

CFD simulation on performance of new type umbrella plate scrubber

A new type of umbrella plate scrubber was developed to address the pollution due to the dust, dioxide sulfur and other harmful gases, which were emitted from coal-burning boilers. The performance of the new device was studied through computational fluid dynamics（CFD） simulation and experiment methods. Initial work included experimental measurement of inlet-velocity, and gas phase simulation using Reynolds stress model（RSM）. After gas phase was converged, particles were injected from the inlet of the new device. Discrete phase model（DPM） was used for particle trajectories determination. The pressure drop and the collection efficiency of the new device were predicted through simulation. The simulation results show that the pressure drop of the new devices is 230-250 Pa and the efficiency is 84%-86%, with the inlet velocity equal to 10.6 m/s and the dust concentration ranging from 2 to 22 g/m3. The CFD simulation results of the new device show good agreement with experimental data. The relative error of the pressure drop and the efficiency is approximately 4% and 10% respectively. The results obtained both from the numerical simulation and from the experiment demonstrate that CFD simulation is an effective method for this type of study.